Reference Group, Community and Association SOCIOLOGY IAS MAIN OPTIONAL


 I Reference Group

1 It is model Group

2 Positive Reference Group. It is the group for imitating Purpose.
Eg IAS Aspirant imitating Popular IAS officer

3 Negative Reference Group. It is the group for avoidance.
Eg: IAS officers Association avoiding KAS Officers Association.


II. Difference between Community and Association

1 Community Created naturally

 Association created artificially


2 In Community membership is by birth 

In Association membership is voluntary


3 Community Consist Unwritten Traditions and Customs

 Association consist written formal rules


4 Community Consist birth to death Life.
 Association consist specific Goal

5 Village and Tribal Area considered as community
Confederation of Indian Industries is Association

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