99 A1 Preamble 16 Feb

 

Part A

 THE PREAMBLE

"WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens:

JUSTICE, social, economic and political;

LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship;

EQUALITY of status and of opportunity; and to promote among them all;

FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation;

IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November 1949, do HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION."

The Constitution (42nd Amendment) Act, 1976 amended the Preamble and added the words 'Socialist. 'Secular' and 'Integrity' to the Preamble.


Part B

 Qts 1. Which one of the following objectives is not embodied in the Preamble to the Constitution of India? 

(a) Liberty of thoughts

(b) Economic liberty

(c) Liberty of expression 

d) Liberty of belief

Ans. B

Explanation: 

The Preamble secures to all citizens of India liberty of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship, through their Fundamental Rights, enforceable  through in court of law, in case of violation.


Qts 2 In the following quotation:

"WE THE PEOPLE OF INDIA"

having solemnly resolved to constitute India into

a Sovereign Socialist Secular

Democratic Republic and to secure to all its citizens JUSTICE, social, economic and political;

LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship;

EQUALITY of status and of opportunity; and to promote among them all;

FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and the integrity of the Nation;

In our Constituent Assembly this 'X' do hereby adopt, enact and give to ourselves this Constitution",

'X' stands for


(a) twenty-sixth day of January, 1950

(b) twenty-sixth day of November, 1949

(c) twenty-sixth day of January, 1949

(d) None of the above


Ans. B

Explanation: 

On 26th November, 1949 the people of India through the Constituent Assembly adopted and 

enacted on 26 Jan 2050


Part C


Qts 1 .What is Constitution?

1.The Constitution refers to the fundamental laws and principles which prescribe the nature, functions and the limits of a government. 

2.It reflects the aspirations of the people it belongs to.

3.In India, the Constituent Assembly was constituted in November 1946, under the scheme formulated by the Cabinet Mission Plan.

4.The Constituent Assembly was to be a partly elected and partly nominated body.

5.The members were to be indirectly elected by the members of the provincial assemblies, who themselves were elected on a limited franchise. 

6.It comprised of representatives of all sections of the society


 Qts 2. Describe main source of Indian Constitution

The Constitution framers adopted from several sources, features which are present in the Indian Constitution. The main sources may be identified as

1.From Government of India Act, 1935 borrowed 

 Federal Scheme, Office of Governor, Judiciary, Public Service Commissions, Emergency provisions, Administrative details.

2. From British Constitution borrowed 

Parliamentary government, Rule of Law, Legislative procedure, Single citizenship, Cabinet System, Prerogative Writs.

3. From US Constitution borrowed 

Fundamental Rights, Independence of Judiciary, Judicial Review, Impeachment of the President, Removal of Supreme Court and High Court judges and post of Vice-President.

4. From Irish Constitution borrowed  

The directive principles of India and the election of the president of India , the nomination of members for the Rajya Sabha is by the Irish Constitution. 

5. From Canadian Constitution borrowed 

Canadian Constitution quasi-federal form of government. A federal system with a strong central government. Distribution of powers between the Central Government and the State Governments. Residual powers of central government. Supreme Court's advisory jurisdiction. Centre's power to appoint Governors of states

6. From Australian Constitution  borrowed 

Concurrent List, Freedom of trade, commerce and intercourse joint sitting of the two Houses of Parliament.

7. From Weimar Germany Constitution borrowed 

Suspension of Fundamental Rights during Emergency.

8. From Soviet Constitution borrowed 

 Fundamental duties, the ideal of justice (social, economic and political) in the Preamble.

9. From French Constitution borrowed

 Republic and the ideals of liberty equality and fraternity in the Preamble.

10 From  South African Constitution borrowed 

 Procedure for amendment of the Constitution and election of the members of Rajya Sabha

11 From Japanese Constitution borrowed 

Procedure established by law.

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