5. M. I Saint Ramalinga
Saint Ramalinga
-Saint ramalinga was one of the formost saints Tamilnadu in the nineteenth century, He was born on octobaer 5, 1823 at Marudhur near chidambaram.
-Developing a deep interest in spriritual life , Ramainga moved to Karunguli in 1858, a place near vadalur where the saint later settled down.
-In 1865, He fpunded the samarasa suddha sanmargha sangha for the promotion of His ideals of establishehing a casteless socity. He preached love and compasion to the people. He composed Tiru Arutpa He imtroduced the principle that God could be worshipped in the form of Light.
Sri vaikunda swamigal
_ Sri vaikunda swamigal was born in 1809 at swamithoppu in the Kanyakumari distric of tmail nadu. His original name was Mudichoodum perumal but he was caled Muthukkutty.
-He prached against the caste sysytem and untouchablity, He aslo condemned religious ceremies, many came to his palce to worshp him and slowly his teachings came to be Known as Ayyavazhi.
-By the mid-ninteeth century, Ayyavazhi came to be recognsied as a separate religios and separeate and spread in the region of south Travancore and south Tirunelveli.
-After his death, the rligions was spread on the basis of is teaching and the relguios books Akilattirattu Ammanai and Arul Nool.
Veda samaj
-Called Brahmo samaj of south,
-strated by sridharalu Naidu. He translated books of Brahma Dharman in to Tamil and Telugu.
Dharma sabha
-Inititaed by Radhakant Deb in 1830.
-was opposed to reforms and protected orthodoxy, but played an active role in promoting western education even to girls.
Lokahitawadi
-Started by Gopal Hari Deshmukh, Advocated western eductaion and a rational outlook he, advocated female education for the uplifitment of women.
-As a votary of national self- reliance, he attended Delhi Durbar in 1876, wearing handspun Khadi cloth.
Servants of Indai soceity
-Formed by Gopal Krishna Gokhale in 1915
-Formed by Gopal krishna Gokhale in 1915
-It did notable work in providing famine relief and in improving the condition of the tribal.
Radha swami Movement
-Founded in 1861 by a banker of Agra. Tulasi ram. populalry known as Shiva dayal saheb or swami Maharaj.
-The sect preched belife in one supreme being the Guru's supreme position and a simple soical life for the belivers (the satsangis)
Periyar E.V
-Ramaswamy was graet social reformer. in 1921, During the anti liqour campaingn he cut sown 1000 coconut tree in his own farm.
- In 1924, he took an active part in the vaikom satyyagraha. The objective of the Satyarha was to secure for untouchables the right to use. a raod near a temple at vaikom in kerla.
- E.V.R opposed the Vanashrama policy followed in the V.V.S lyer's seranmadavi Gurugula,.
-During 1920 - 1925 being in the congress party. he steasses that congress should accept commaunal represetnaion, subsequently in 1925, he started the self Respect Movement, The aims of the self -Respect Movement; were to uplift the Dravidains and to exposet he Brahminical tyranny and deceptive methods by which they controlled all sheres of Hindu life.
-He denounced the caste system marriages and engorced widowhood without any rituals such a marraiges. He hi,self conducted many marriages without any rituals such a marriage was known as Self Respect Marraige, He gave secluar names to new born babies.
-He attached the laws of Manu, which he called the basis of the entire Hindu social fabric of caste,
-He founded the Tamil jounals Kudiarasu, puratchi and vidutalai to propagate his ideals.
-In 1938, Tamil nadu women's conferernce appreciated the noble services renderd by E.V.R and he was given the title periyar. on 27 th june 1970 the UNESCO organisation praised and adorned with him the tittle of socrates of south Asia.