72 A 1 Mughals 18 Mar
Qts1 Write about Babur (1526-1530)
1. Zahiruddin Muhammad Babur.2. Babur originally ruled over Ferghana (Afghanistan).
3.Babur was invited to attack India by Daulat Khan Lodhi (Subedar of Punjab), Alam Khan (uncle of Ibrahim Lodhi) and Rana Sanga.
4.Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the First Battle of Panipat in 1526.
5.Babur defeated Sangram Singh (Rana Sanga of Mewar) in the Battle of Khanua in 1527.
6.Babur defeated another Rajput ruler, Medini Rai of Chanderi in the Battle of Chanderi in 1528.
7.Babur defeated the Afghan chiefs under Mahmud Lodi (brother of Ibrahim Lodi) in the Battle of Ghagra in 1529.
10 Babur memoir written Tazuk-i-Baburi in Turki.
Qts 2 Write about Humayun
1.Humayun was, the son of Babur
2.Humayun means fortune but he remained the most unfortunate ruler of the Mughal Empire.3.Shere Shah Suri gradually gained power during his time.
4.Humayun was attacked by Sher Shah at Chausa in the Battle of Chausa in 1539, but escaped.
5.Humayun was saved by a water carrier (saqqa)
8. Humayun had the chance to return in 1555,
9. Humayun died in 1556, due to fall from his library building stairs (Sher Mandal, Delhi)
10. Humayun sister, Gulbadan Begum, wrote his biography Humayunama.
Qts 3 Write about Sher Shah Suri
1.Sher Shah Suri real name was Farid.
3.Sher Shah assumed the title Sher Shah as emperor.
4. In 1540, he defeated Humayun in the battle of Kannauj/Bilgram
6.Shershah introduced the silver Rupia and the copper Dam currency.
Qts 4 Write about Akbar (1556-1605)
1. Jalaluddin Muhammad Akbar was the son of Humayun and Hamida Banu Begam2. Akabar was born at Amarkot
3. Akbar was 14 years old.
4.So Bairam Khan represented Akbar in the Second Battle of Panipat
5.In second battle of Panipat at in 1556A kbar ( Bairam Khan ) won against Hemu.
6.Between 1556-1560, Akbar ruled under Bairam Khan's regency.
8.Akbar defeated Garh-Katanga (ruled by Rani Durgawati) followed by Chittor , Ranthambhore., Gujarat
10 Akbar's noble or minister Raja Maan Singh conquered Bihar, Bengal ,Orissa
11 Akbar conquered Kashmir , Sindh., Asirgarh in Deccan
12 Akbar after death was buried at Sikandara near Agra.
Mansabdars were given salaries either in the form of cash, or in the form of revenue assignments of land. These lands were called jagirs. Mansabdars who held these jagirs in lieu of their salaries were known as Jagirdars. They only had the rights of revenue collection.
Qts 6 Who are called Jagirdars?
The Jagirdar was a feudal class who collected taxes as a form of revenue. After the death of the Jagirdar, the land was seized by the Mughals. The Mughal officers who received land grants (jaigir) were known as jagirdars.
Qts 7 What were Zat and Sawar.
Zat fixed the status and standing in the administrative hierarchy while Sawar fixed the number of troopers held by the Mansabdar. It wasn't a hereditary system.
Qts 8 Who was Tulsidas
Tulsidas was a great saint and poet. His notable work includes Sri Ramcharitmanas which is known to be one of the greatest works of Hindu literature. It was written in Awadhi language around 16th century.
Qts 9 Who was Raja Birbal
Raja Birbal, was an Indian minister and commander of the Mughal Empire. He is mostly known in the Indian subcontinent for the folk tales which focus on his wit.
Qts 10 What is the concept of Din-i-Ilahi?
Din-i Ilahi, “the religion of God,” was a system of religious beliefs introduced by the Mughal emperor Akbar in 1582 CE. His idea was to combine Islam and Hinduism into one faith, but also to add aspects of Christianity, Zoroastrianism and Jainism.
Qts 11 What is meant by Jajiya
The Jizya, a tax imposed on non-Muslims in the Islamic world, acted as a source of revenue and a pact of protection for those living under Muslim rule
Qts 12 What is Ibadatkhana
Built Ibadatkhana (Hall of prayers) at Fatehpur Sikri. He used to conduct religious discussions there with: Purshottam Das (Hindu), Maharaji Rana (Parsi), Harivijaya Suri (Jain), Monserate and Aquaviva (Christian)
Qts 13 What is the Zabti system ?
Zabti is a revenue system in which there is a survey of crop yield,prices and areas for 10 years.
Qts 14 Write about Jahangir
1 Jahangir was Akbar son2.Jahangir married Mehrun Nisa,
3. The title of Nur Jahan was conferred on Mehrun Nisa .
4. Mehrun Nisa had great influence on Jahangir's life, as she was given the status of Padshah
5.Jahangir established Zanjir-il-Adal at Agra fort
6. Zanjir-il-Adal is place where Jahangir used to give justice
7.Captain Hawkins (1608-1611) and Sir Thomas Roe (1615-1619) visited his court.
8.Due to the efforts of Sir Thomas Roe English factories were established at Surat
Qts 15 Write about Shahjahan
1 Shahjahan married Arzamand Banu Begum
2Arzamand Banu Begum became famous as Mumtaz Mahal
3.Shahjahan's took control on Ahmednaga , Bijapur and Golconda
4.Shahjahan also expelled the Portuguese from Hughli, as they were abusing their trading privileges
.
5.Shahjahan made his son, Aurangzeb, the Viceroy of Deccan
6. Shahjahan reign is considered the 'Golden Age of the Mughal Empire.
7. Shahjahan constructed Red Fort, Jama Masjid and Taj Mahal
8.Taj Mahal was built at Agra on the banks of river Yamuna, in memory of his beloved wife Mumtaz.
Qts 16 Write about Aurangzeb Alamgir (1658-1707)
1.Aurangzeb son of Shajahan3.In 1675, reimposed ordered the arrest and execution of ninth Sikh guru, Guru Te Bahadur
.
4.In 1679, Aurangzeb reimposed jaziyah.
5.Jajiya means tax on non muslims
6. Nauroj, singing in the court banned ,
Navroj (Nowruz), a festival that marks the beginning of a new year and the first day of spring
7. Jharokha-darshan were banned.
Jharaka Darshan means to address the public audience at the balcony at forts and palaces. It facilitated face-to-face communication with the public.
8.. Inscription of Kal (the Muslim credo) on the coins banned
9.Aurangzeb was called a 'Darvesh' or a 'Zinda Pir'.
Darvesh means religious mendicant, who chose or accepted material poverty.
10. Aurangzeb also forbade Sati.
Sati means burning a woman alive with her husband's dead body,