65 A2 Gandhi Era Recorded Class 21 Mar


Gandhi Era 


https://youtu.be/sQeF-H_YNOc?feature=shared


 1 Explain Gandhiji in Africa.

2 Explain Gandhiji in England

3 How Gandhiji  visited India.

4 Explain  Champaran Satyagraha.

5 Explain Ahmadabed Mill οwners Strike.

6 Explain Kheda Satyagraha

7 Explain Non Cooperative Movement

8  Explain Khilafat Movement

9 Explain Swaraj party

10 Explain Simon Commission

 11Explain Nehru Report

12 Explain Civil Disobedience Movement 

13 Explain Lahore session 

14 Explain Dandi March

15 Explain Three Round table Conference.

16 Explain Poona Pack

17 Explain India Act 1935



Qts 1 Explain Gandhiji In Africa.

1.In 1893 Gandhi went to  South Africa.

2.Place called Pretoria.

3. Books influenced by Gandhi

 Civil Disobedience written by Thoreau

 Kingdom of God within you  written by Leo Tolstoy

Unto this Last written by John Ruskin.

4 In 1901 Gandhi moved to Johannesburg.

5.Gandhi established   Phoenix Farm near Durban 

6 In 1907 Transvaal legislature made Law for Indians having Registration Card.

7. For opposing registration card , Gandhi Started Satyagraha

8. Later Government cancelled Registration Card.

9.Gandhi established Tolstoy Farm.

10 Gandhi started journal called Indian Opinion.


Qts 2 Explain Gandhiji in  England

1.In 1914 Gandhi went to England

2 Mobilized Indians for supporting British in First World War.

3. British queen gave Kaisar i Hind Medal to Gandhi


Qts 3 How  Gandhiji visited India

1. Gopale krishna Gokhale Invited Gandhi to India.

2. Gokhale is political guru to Gandhiji

3. Gandhi came to India.

4. Gokhale advised Gandhi to do Bharat Dharshan.

5 Gandhi visited every part of India to know Indians problem.


Qts 4 Explain Champaran Satyagraha

1.Gandhiji started Champaran satyagraha

2.Champaran is district in Bihar

3.Here   Indigo Plantation owners Were British. .

4.Labours were  Indians

5.Plantation owners exploited Labours

6 Gandhiji started Satyagraha

7 Government Changed Policy


Qts 5. Explain  Ahmedabad Mill Workers  Strike.

1. Mill Owners were British  

2.Labours were Indians

3.Owners exploited Lab ours.

4 Not gave bonus.

5 Gandhiji Started Satyagraha.

6..Government Changed policy


Qts6  Explain Kheda Satyagraha.

1.kheda was at Gujarat

2  British Government Imposed tax on Farmers

3 Due to drought and Plague farmers unable to pay tax

4.Gandhiji with Sardar Valla Bhai Patel started Satyagraha.

5.Government Changed Policy.


Qts 7 Explain  Non Cooperative Movement

1.It is for opposing RowLatt Act and Jallian Wala Bagh Massacre.

2.It has two programs

(i) Negative Programs

(ii) Positive Programs


Negative Programs

1.Boycotting Government Schools, Colleges, Courts, 

2 Boycotting British Goods

3 Rereigning from Government office 

4 Refusal to  attend Government function


Positive Programmer

1.Establishing National Schools Colleges

2.Establishing panchayats

3.Popularising Swadeshi

4.Working for unity between Hindus and Muslims

5.Removal of Untouchability 

6.Emancipation of women


Methods

Non Violence 


With drawal

1. 11 Feb  1922 in Uttar Pradesh at Chauri Chaura.

2.A mob attacked Police Station , Locked from Outside.

3. Burnt alive 22 police people.

4. So Gandhi withdrew Non Cooperative Movement


Qts 8 Explain  Khilafat     Movement

1.Turkey ruler Called Ottoman Empire participated In First World war against allies - USA, Britain

2. Allies won

3. Allies planned for removal of Turkey ruler. 

4. Turkey ruler was Calipha for Muslim World, including Indian Muslim

5. For opposing removal of Turkey ruler  Indian Muslims started Khilafat Movement

6. Khilafat Movement presided by Gandhiji

7. People of Turkey voluntarily removed Turkey ruler

8. Khilafat movement ended 


 Qts 9 Explain  Swaraj Party

1.British Government conducted election in India as per India Act 1919.

2.Motilal Nehru with Chittaranjan Das formed Swaraj party 

3.Participated in election 

4 Won

5.Motilal Nehru with Chittaranjan Das   become member of Central Legislature.


Qts 10 Explain Simon Commission

1.Simon Commission which headed by Sir John Simon and other 6 British parliament members visited India.

2.It is for knowing developments in India after conducting  election in 1923

3.Simon Commission travelled across India. 

4. Met people and collected their opinion 

5 .Prepared Simon Report.

6.Simon Report is foundation for present Indian Constitution


Qts 11 Explain Nehru Report.

1. Nehru Report is  Indian Constitution Prepared by Motilal Nehru.

2.Indian  National Congress  formed a Committee for Preparing Indian Contrition.

3.Committee headed by Motilal Nehru.

4.Muslim league. and Other Indian leaders rejected Nehru Report


Qts 12 Explain  1929 Lahore session.

1.Lahore Session of Indian National Congress  presided by Jawahar Lal Nehru.

2.It passed resolution for demanding Purna Swaraj to India

3.On January 26 1930 near river bank Ravi Jawahar Lal Nehru hoisted present Tri Color Flag.

4.Celebrated Indian Independence day Symbolically

5. Every year Indian National Congress used to celebrate Indian Independence day 


Qts 13  Explain Dandi March or Salt Satyagraha

1. Government Imposed tax on Salt

2.Gandhiji opposed tax on Salt

3.12 March 1930 Gandhiji from Sabaramati Ashrama in Gujarati went  to Dandi, a Gujarat Coastal Area.

4 Dandi was a Gujarat Coastal Area.

5. Gandhiji took salt with out Government Permission

6.British Government imprisoned Gandhiji


Qts 14 Explain Civil Disobedience Movement 1930-

1. It launched by Gandhi as head of INC.

2.Gandhi demanded British on below given 

(i) 50%. Reduction of Land revenue 

(ii) Abolition of Salt tax

(iii) Lowering Rupee Sterling rate

(iv) 50%. Cut in military expenditure.

(v) Protecting Local Textile Industries

(vi) Releasing all Political Prisoners.


Qts 15 Explain Three Round Table Conferences

1.First Round Table Conference in London. 

i. All Indian Leaders, British Prime minister, Parliament  Members participated to discuss Simon Commission Report 

ii.INC Leaders not participated because Gandhiji was in prison.


2. Second Round Table Conference 

i. Gandhi released from prison as per Gandhi Irwin pact

ii. Gandhi participated in Second Round Table Conference at London

iii. Second round table Conference failed because Muslim league, Depressed Class leaders demanded reservation for their Community

iv. Gandhiji not accepted reservation it 

v Reservation based on religion and caste called as Communal award


3. Third Round Table Conference.

Gandhi not participated because Gandhi was in Yerawada Juil at Poona.


16 Explain Poona Pact

1 British reserved 80 Seats to Depressed Class. 

2 Indian National Congress reserved 148 seats to Depressed Class.

3 Ambedkar rejected British reserved 80 seats 

4 Ambedkar accepted  INC reserved 148 Seats.


Qts  17 Explain India Act 1935

1.Central Legislature with Upper house and Lower house established 

2 Provincial Legislature  with Lower house established

3 Federal Court or supreme Court established

4 Central Bank or Reserve Bank of India established

5 Union Public Service Commission established.

6  Present Indian Constitution based on India Act 1935





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