14 EXCRETORY SYSTEM

 EXCRETORY SYSTEM

-Execration : Removal of nitrogenons substances produced during metabolism in human body is called excoriation.

-Important excretory organs of humans 

1. kidney 2.skin 3. liver  4.lungs.


1. Kidney and Nephrons.

a. Kidneys are pair of bean shaped organs just above the waist

b. Functions of Kidney is to filter blood from urine.

c. Weight of kidney is 140 grams.

d. Nephrons are the structural and functional units of Kidneys.

e. A single Kidney may have more than millions nephrons.


1.Bowman's capsule : It is a cup like structure in the every nephron.

2.Glomerulus - These are made up of thin blood vessels' found in the Bowman's

capsule which is made up of two types of arterioles afferent and efferent arteriole.


Filtering blood and forming urine

a. Nephron filters blood and forms urine the process of filtration of liquids in to the cavity of Bowmer's capsule in to the cavity of Bowman's capsule id called ultra filtration.

b. The process of filtration of liquids in to the cavity of bowman's capsule is called ultra filtration.

c. In Kidney on average 125 ml permute blood is filtrated 180 liters per day . out of it 1.45 liters urine is formed daily and the remaining is absorbed back by the cells of nephron and get mixed in to the blood. in normal urine, there is 95 % salt 2.7% urea and 0.3 % uric acid content.

d. The stone formed in the kidney is made up of calcium oxalate.


2. skin : oil glands and sweat glands found in the converting more and more sebum and sweat

3. Liver : Liver plays a central role in execration by converting more and more amino acids and ammonia of blood in to urea.

4. Lungs : Helps in execration of gaseous substance CO^2 and water vapor.

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