23 CANCER

 CANCER

1. A tumors is an abnormal mass of tissue, the growth of which exceeds and is uncoordinated with that of normal tissues.

2. Two types o tumor's are found, one is benign or harmless and another one is malignant or cancer tumor.


Characteristics of cancerous cells

a. Cancerous cells are either many times larger than their neighbors or extremely small

b. Nuclear shape extremely variable.

c. Loss of specialized functional characteristics.

d. Dissemination/metastasis /spread in to vital organs to disrupt their functions


Causes

1. By viruses

2. continuous friction of long exposures to UV light heat or contact with certain chemicals.

3. Cigarette smoking increases the incidence of lung cancer.


AIDS

1. Acquires- immuno- Deficiency syndrome (AIDs) - was first recognized  in 1981

HIV (Human Immune Deficiency Virus) causes AIDS.

2. one of he main problems associated with AIDS is that the victims have very few T- cells

In addition, the ratio of helper T- cells to suppressor T-cells normally 2:1, is reversed.

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