10. M . I SWADISHI MOVEMENT
SWADISHI MOVEMENT
-The Boycut and swadesi movement had its genesis in the anti -partition Movement which was launched to oppose the British decsion to partition of Bengal.
-It was in INC's annual session at Beneras in 1905 presided by G.K Gokale that a desision to launch the "boycutt the foreign goods" camapaign was taken pursued rigourusly threreafter.
-Extremists Lal-Bal-pal (Lal Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin chandra pal) and Aurobindo Ghosh were in favour of extending the Movement to the rest of India. they too, favoured the fledged political mass- struggle. the moderates on the other hand, wanted it to be
Bengal only.
-Tilak took the movement to Differnt pasrts of india, e.g poona and Bombay
chidambaram pillai took the Movement to Madra presidency whera Jammu Mulan and haridwar.
-The aggressive nationalists public participation were Rawalpindi kangra, jammu multan and haridwar.
-The agrressive natist forced Dadabhai Naoroji to speak of swaraj (which was not a Moderate demand) in the calcutta session of congress in 1906, they dopted the resoulations of boycutt and swadwshi.
Formation of the MuslimLeague (1906)
- in December 1906, Muslim delelgets from all obr all over india. met at Dacca dot hemuslim Educational conferen.
-taking advatature of his occasion, Nawab salimullah of Decca proposed setting up of an orginasation, Nawab salimullah of Dacca proposed setting up of in orginistaionto look after Muslim intrests,
The propose was accepted . The All indai Muslim League was Finally set up on December 1906
- Their firsat achivment was the separate electrorates for the Muslims in the mIntoo- morley reforms (1909)
Calcutta session of 1906
-In december at the aanul sesion of the INC at calcutta presided by dada Bhai Naoroji swaraj was adopted as the goal, He declaerd in his presidential adress taht
the goal of INC was swaraj self goverment like taht of united Kingdom.
Surat split
-1907 was tragic year in the history of Indain National movement when INCsplit in ot two groups
(i) the extremists and
(ii0 the moderates at the surat session moderates were led by gopal Krishna Gokale.
-The surat splt weakened th inc and hlepd strenghening by uppresing their news paper and arresting their leaders.
-Tilak was sent to Mandalay jail (Burman) for 6 years Aurobindo ghosh gave up olitical asn left for pondicherry . Lal lajpat rai left for Britain and bipin chandra pal left politics temporarily.
Morley Minto Reforms
- During the viceroyship of Lord minto and secrtary ship of Morely, morley Minto reforms were introduction in 1909.
-The reform provided for separates elcrorate for Muslims the most controversial provision, besides other constituitional measures. under this provision,
muslims could only vote for muslim candidates thsi was done to create the impression that politaical economic and culural interstsof hindu and muslims were separate
The Lucknnow Pact (1916)
-During the 1916, congresss sesion at Lucknow two major events occured
The divided congress became united and an understandign for jiont action against the British was reached beween the congress and the <islim Leasgue and it was called the lucknow pact.
The Home Rule movement (1916)
-Two Home Rule Leagues were established , one by b.G tilak a=t poona on 28 april, 1916 and hte other by Mrs. annie Beasnt at madras in september 1916 the ai of the movement was to get self Government
for india.
- While Tilak's Movement concentreated onMaharasthra Annie Beasetn MOvement coverd the rest of the counrty.
-On 20 August 1917 Montague. the secretary of state i England, made a declariona in the pariment of Engalnd on british Gobvernment's policy towards future political reforms in India.
He promised he gradula develpment of self governing insititaions in indai. This Agust Declarairon led to the end of the Home rule Movement.